Intuitive Eating Studies
The annotated Intuitive Eating studies are listed by category, followed by alphabetical order of the author. A compilation of these studies (citations only) may be downloaded below:
Intuitive Eating and Selected Studies (rev 6/2024)
Assessment Scale Development and Validation
1. Akırmak U., Bakiner E., Boratav H. et al (2018). Cross-cultural adaptation of the intuitive eating scale-2: psychometric evaluation in a sample in Turkey. Current Pyschology https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0024-3.
2. Albajri, E., & Naseeb, M. (2025). Assessment of intuitive eating in Saudi Arabia and its relationship with sociodemographic factors and nutritional indicators using an Arabic version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Frontiers in nutrition, 12, 1585856. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1585856
3. Anastasiades E, Maïano C, Argyrides M, Swami V.(2022). Psychometric properties of a Greek translation of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) in adults from Cyprus. Body Image. Oct 19;43:348-361.
4. Avalos, L., T. Tylka, and N. Wood-Barcalow. 2005. The Body Appreciation Scale: Development and psychometric evaluation. Journal of Body Image 2: 285–297.
5. Babbott KM, Tylka T, van der Werf B, Consedine NS, Roberts M.(2023). Intuitive Eating Scale-2-EA: Psychometric properties and factor structure of the adapted IES-2 for early adolescents. Eat Behav. Dec;51:101813. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101813. Epub 2023 Sep 17. PMID: 37741083.
6. Babbott KM, Mitchison D, Basten C, et al. (2021). Intuitive Eating Scale-2: psychometric properties and clinical norms among individuals seeking treatment for an eating disorder in private practice. Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Nov 19. doi: 10.1007/s40519-021-01326-x.
7. Bas M, Karaca KE, Saglam D, Arıtıcı G, Cengiz E, Köksal S, Buyukkaragoz AH. 2017. Turkish version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2: Validity and reliability among university students. Appetite. 114:391-397.
8. Bazo Perez, M., Frazier, L. D., Campos, P. F., Resende, T. R. O., & de Carvalho, P. H. B. (2024). Measurement invariance of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 across country, ethnicity, sex, and sexual orientation: A cross-cultural study between Brazil and the U.S. Eating behaviors, 54, 101904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101904
9. Camilleri, G. M., Méjean, C., Bellisle, F., et al. (2015). Cross-cultural validity of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Psychometric evaluation in a sample of the general French population. Appetite, 84, 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.09.009
10. Carbonneau E., N. Carbonneau, B. Lamarche, V. Provencher, C. Bégin, M. Bradette-Laplante,C. Laramée, S. Lemieux. 2016. Validation of a French-Canadian adaptation of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 for the adult population. Appetite 105(1): 37-45.
11. Da Silva, W. R., Neves, A. N., Ferreira, L., Campos, J. A. D. B., & Swami, V. (2018). A psychometric investigation of Brazilian Portuguese versions of the Caregiver Eating Messages Scale and Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Eating and Weight Disorders – Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. doi:10.1007/s40519-018-0557-3
12. Daundasekara SS, Beasley AD, O’Connor DP, Sampson M, Hernandez D, Ledoux T. 2017. Validation of the Intuitive Eating Scale for pregnant women. Appetite.112:201-209.
13. Dockendorff, S., T. Petrie, C. Greenleaf, S. Martin. 2012. Intuitive Eating Scale: An examination among early Adolescents. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(4):604‐611.
14. Duarte C., Ferreira C., Pinto-Gouveia J., Trindade I.A., Martinho A. 2017. What makes dietary restraint problematic? Development and validation of of the Inflexible Eating Questionnaire. Appetite. 114:146-154.
15. Fekih-Romdhane, F., Malaeb, D., Fawaz, M., Chammas, N., Soufia, M., Obeid, S., & Hallit, S. (2023). Translation and validation of the mindful eating behaviour scale in the Arabic language. BMC psychiatry, 23(1), 120. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04614-1
16. Fekih-Romdhane, F., Jiang, C., Obeid, S., Malaeb, D., Chammas, N., Fawaz, M., Soufia, M., Meng, R., & Hallit, S. (2023). Psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) in a sample of community adults. Journal of eating disorders, 11(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-023-00782-3
17. Flores-Quijano ME, Mota-González C, Rozada G, León-Rico JC, Gómez-López ME, Vega-Sánchez R.(2023). The Intuitive Eating Scale-2 Adapted for Mexican Pregnant Women: Psychometric Properties and Influence of Sociodemographic Variables. Nutrients. 2023 Nov 19;15(22):4837. doi: 10.3390/nu15224837. PMID: 38004230; PMCID: PMC10675059.
18. Hawks, S., R. Merrill, H. Madanat. 2004 . The Intuitive Eating Validation Scale: preliminary validation. American Journal of Health Education, 35, 90-98.
19. Hudson TA, de Carvalho PHB, Amaral ACS, Ferreira MEC. Assessment and adaptation of the model of gratitude, body appreciation, and intuitive eating among Brazilian women. Body Image. 2025 Dec;55:101988. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2025.101988. Epub 2025 Oct 30. PMID: 41172974.
20. Ji, F., Sun, H., Barnhart, W. R., Cui, T., Cui, S., Zhang, J., & He, J. (2024). Psychometric network analysis of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 in Chinese general adults. Journal of clinical psychology, 80(5), 1098–1114. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23657
21. Jin, X., Zhu, J., Pan, D., Sun, L., Wang, R., Wang, N., Wang, J., Yuan, C., Wang, S., & Sun, G. (2025). The Chinese Version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 Adapted for Pregnant Women: Psychometric Properties and Associations With Diet Quality. Brain and behavior, 15(6), e70568. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.70568
22. Khalsa, A, Stough C, Garr K, Copeland K, Kharofa R, Woo J (2019). Factor structure of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 among a low-income and racial minority population. Appetite. Nov 1;142:104390.
23. Knudsen, F. M., Woolley, M. G., Bradshaw, S. D., Lensegrav-Benson, T., Quakenbush, B., & Twohig, M. P. (2025). Psychometric performance of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 in females with anorexia nervosa: An examination of factor structure and Item Response Theory. Eating behaviors, 58, 102018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102018
24. König LM, Sproesser G, Schupp HT, Renner B.(2020). Preference for Intuition and Deliberation in Eating Decision-making: Scale validation and associations with eating behaviour and health. Br J Health Psychol. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12460.
25. Kroon Van Diest, A., and T. Tylka. 2010. The Caregiver Eating Messages Scale: Development and psychometric investigation. Body Image 7:317-326.
26. Madanat, H., and S. Hawks. (2004). Validation of the Arabic version of the Intuitive Eating Scale.Global Health Promotion (Formerly Promotion and Education), 11, 152-157.
27. Małachowska, A., & Jeżewska-Zychowicz, M. (2022). Polish Adaptation and Validation of the Intuitive (IES-2) and Mindful (MES) Eating Scales-The Relationship of the Concepts with Healthy and Unhealthy Food Intake (a Cross-Sectional Study). Nutrients, 14(5), 1109. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14051109
28. Mancin, P., Ghisi, M., Moro, T., & Cerea, S. (2025). Validation of the Italian version of the intuitive exercise scale: a four-factor structure in the general population. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 30(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-025-01718-3
29. Martin-Wagar C & Heppner H. (2022). Adaptive depends on context: An examination of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 in an eating disorder sample. Appetite. Oct 25:106349.
30. Malachowska Jezewska-Zychowicz (2022). Polish Adaptation and Validation of the Intuitive (IES-2) and Mindful (MES) Eating Scales-The Relationship of the Concepts with Healthy and Unhealthy Food Intake (a Cross-Sectional Study). Nutrients. Mar 6;14(5):1109
31. Modica CA, DiLillo V. (2023).A structural invariance analysis of the acceptance model of intuitive eating across black, hispanic, and white young-adult women. Body Image. 2023 Mar;44:157-169. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.12.009. Epub 2023 Jan 11. PMID: 36638751.
32. Modica C. A. (2021). Modeling the associations between internal body orientation, body appreciation, and intuitive eating among early-adult and middle-adult men and women: A multigroup structural invariance analysis. Body image, 39, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.05.013
33. Nejati B, Fan CW, Boone WJ, Griffiths MD, Lin CY, Pakpour AH.(2020). Validating the Persian Intuitive Eating Scale-2 Among Breast Cancer Survivors Who Are Overweight/Obese. Eval Health Prof. Oct 15:163278720965688. doi: 10.1177/0163278720965688.
34. Ozkan, N., Gonul, B. A., Baloglu, H. T., & Cavdar, M. (2025). Intuitive Eating Scale-2 for adolescents: Validity and reliability study in Turkish adolescents. European journal of pediatrics, 184(9), 566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-025-06412-1
35. Parsons, L.E., Wei, M., Novak, J.R. et al. (2024). Exploring the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 and Dyadic Associations Between Mental Health and Relational Dynamics in a Sample of Married Male Sexual Minority Couples. Contemp Fam Ther 46, 455–470 .https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-023-09693-6
36. Paterson H, Hay-Smith J, Treharne G., Herbison P., Howarth C. (2018). Validation of the Intuitive Eating Scale in pregnancy. J Health Psychol. 2018 Apr;23(5):701-709.
37. Ramalho SM, Saint-Maurice PF, Félix S, Conceição E. (2022). Intuitive eating Scale-2: Factor structure and associations with disordered eating, impulsivity and quality of life in adolescents with overweight/obesity.Jan;44:101593. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101593.
38. Reel JJ, Gailli N., Voelker D., and Greeleaf C. 2016. Development and validation of the intuitive exercise scale. Eat Behav. 22:129-132.
39. Resende, T. R. O., de Sousa, E. M., Alvarenga, M. D. et al. (2024). Psychometric Properties of the Preference for Intuition and Deliberation in Eating Decision-Making Scale among Brazilian Adult Women. Nutrients, 16(19), 3252. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193252
40. Román, N., Rigó, A., Gajdos, P., Tóth-Király, I., & Urbán, R. (2021). Intuitive eating in light of other eating styles and motives: Experiences with construct validity and the Hungarian adaptation of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Body image, 39, 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.05.012
41. Ruzanska UA and Warschburger P (2017). Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 in a community sample. Appetite. 117:126-134.
42. Saunders JF, Nichols-Lopez KA, Frazier LD (2018). Psychometric properties of the intuitive eating scale-2 (IES-2) in a culturally diverse Hispanic American sample. Eat Behav. Jan;28:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2017.11.003.
43. Schaefer, J., and M. Zullo. (2016). Validation of an instrument to measure registered dietitians’/nutritionists’ knowledge, attitudes and practices of an intuitive eating approach. Public Health Nutrition 1:1-19
44. Siegel, J. A., Huellemann, K. L., Calogero, R. M., & Roberts, T.-A. (2021). Psychometric properties and validation of the Phenomenological body Shame scale – revised (pbss-r). Body Image, 39, 90–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.06.001
45. Strodl E, et al (2020). A cross-country examination of emotional eating, restrained eating and intuitive eating: Measurement Invariance across eight countries. Body Image. 2020 Dec;35:245-254. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.09.013. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
46. Swami, V., Maïano, C., Furnham, A., & Robinson, C. (2021). The intuitive eating scale-2: re-evaluating its factor structure using a bifactor exploratory structural equation modelling framework. Eating and Weight Disorders – Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01271-9
47. Swami, V., Maïano, C., Todd, J., Ghisi, M., Cardi, V., Bottesi, G., & Cerea, S. (2021). Dimensionality and psychometric properties of an Italian translation of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2): An assessment using A BIFACTOR exploratory structural equation modelling framework. Appetite, 166, 105588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105588
48. Swami V, Todd J, Zahari HS, Mohd Khatib NA, Toh EKL, Barron D (2020). Dimensional structure, psychometric properties, and sex and ethnic invariance of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2). Body Image. 2020 Mar;32:167-179. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.003.
49. Tylka, T. 2006. Development and psychometric evaluation of a measure of intuitive eating.Journal of Counseling Psychology 53:226-240.
50. Tylka, T. L., Maïano, C., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M., Linardon, J., Burnette, C. B., Todd, J., & Swami, V. (2024). The Intuitive Eating Scale-3: Development and psychometric evaluation. Appetite, 199, 107407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107407
51. Tylka, T., and A. Kroon Van Diest. 2013. The Intuitive Eating Scale–2: Item Refinement and Psychometric Evaluation with College Women and Men. Journal of Counseling Psychology 60(1):137-153.
52. Tylka, T. 2006. Development and psychometric evaluation of a measure of intuitive eating.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 226-240.
53. Van Dyck, A., Herbert, B., Happ, C., Kleveman G., and C. Vogele. 2016. German version of the intuitive eating scale: Psychometric evaluation and application to an eating disordered population. Appetite. 105:798-807.
54. Vintilă M, Todd J, Goian C, Tudorel O, Barbat CA, Swami V. (2020).The Romanian version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2: Assessment of its psychometric properties and gender invariance in Romanian adults. Body Image. 2020 Dec;35:225-236. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.09.009. Epub 2020 Nov 3.
Body Image, Weight Stigma & Self-Compassion
55. Anastasiades, E., & Argyrides, M. (2022). Healthy orthorexia vs orthorexia nervosa: associations with body appreciation, functionality appreciation, intuitive eating and embodiment. Eating and weight disorders: EWD, 10.1007/s40519-022-01449-9.
56. Andrew R., M. Tiggemann, L. Clark. 2016. Predictors and health-related outcomes of positive body image in adolescent girls: A prospective study. Developmental Psychology 52(3): 463-474.
57. Awad, E., Malaeb, D., Chammas, N., Fawaz, M., Soufia, M., Hallit, S., Brytek-Matera, A., & Obeid, S. (2024). Mediating effect of depression between self-esteem, physical appearance comparison and intuitive eating in adults. Scientific reports, 14(1), 25109. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-77016-2
58. Barney JL, Barrett TS, Lensegrav-Benson T, et al. (2022). Examining a mediation model of body image-related cognitive fusion, intuitive eating, and eating disorder symptom severity in a clinical sample. Eat Weight Disord . doi: 10.1007/s40519-021-01352-9
59. Behrend, N., Webb, J. B., & Warschburger, P. (2024). Explaining the prospective paths from body appreciation to intuitive eating facets: Does body image flexibility serve as a mediator?. Body image, 49, 101710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101710
60. Beinter I, Emmerich O, Vollert B, Taylor C, Jacobi (2019). Promoting positive body image and intuitive eating in women with overweight and obesity via an online intervention: Results from a pilot feasibility study. Eat Behav. Aug;34:101307.
61. Braun TD, Riley KE, Kunicki ZJ, Finkelstein-Fox L, et al (2021). Internalized weight stigma and intuitive eating among stressed adults during a mindful yoga intervention: associations with changes in mindfulness and self-compassion. Health Psychol Behav Med. Nov 19;9(1):933-950. doi: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1992282.
62. Braun TD, Unick JL, Abrantes AM, et al. (2022). Intuitive eating buffers the link between internalized weight stigma and body mass index in stressed adults. Appetite. Feb 1;169:105810. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105810.
63. Brichacek AL, Neill JT, Murray K, Rieger E. (2026).Body image flexibility and inflexibility predict intuitive eating: A prospective study in adolescents and emerging adults. Eat Behav. Jan 22;60:102066. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102066. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41518792.
64. Brochu, P. M., Mensinger, J. L., Moss, L. B., & Rothenberg, S. L. (2024). Weight bias internalization statistically mediates the association between positive body image and intuitive eating: A cross-sectional study. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, S2212-2672(24)01020-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2024.12.007
65. Carels RA, DeRouen K, Metzler AL, Woodall P, Byrd R, Jansen E, Mansour L. The association between stigma consciousness and weight stigma, psychological well-being, positive body image, and eating behaviors. Body Image. 2026 Jan 28;56:102038. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102038. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41610581
66. Carbonneau, N., Cantin, M., Barbeau, K., Lavigne, G., & Lussier, Y. (2021). Self-compassion as a mediator of the relationship between adult women’s attachment and intuitive eating. Nutrients, 13(9), 3124. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093124
67. Carrard I, Rothen S, Rodgers RF (2021). Body image concerns and intuitive eating in older women. Appetite. 2021 Apr 26:105275. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105275
68. Cheng, Z., Gao, X., Yang, C., et al. (2022). Effects of Online and Face-to-Face Intuitive Eating Interventions on Body Image and Eating Behaviors among Women in China: A Feasibility Study. Nutrients, 14(9), 1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091761
69. Hallez, Q., El-Jor, C., & Shankland, R. (2026). A network analysis of risk and protective factors for body image in young adult women. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 10.1007/s40519-026-01815-x.
70. He, J., Chen, X., Hu, S., Burke, N. L., Barnhart, W. R., Nagata, J. M., & Chen, C. (2024). Links of weight and muscularity teasing with eating disorder symptomatology, eating-related psychosocial impairment, and intuitive eating in Chinese men: Teasing directions and combinations matter. Body image, 51, 101811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101811
71. Homan KJ and Tylka TL. (2018). Development and exploration of the gratitude model of body appreciation in women. Body Image. 2018 Feb 8;25:14-22.doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.01.008.
72. Huang, Z., Wang, S., Lin, Y., Cui, T., Barnhart, W. R., Gaggiano, C. M., Ji, F., & He, J. (2024). The gratitude model of body appreciation and intuitive eating: Replication and extension of the model to explain intuitive eating facets among young adult women in China. Appetite, 203, 107672. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107672
73. Iannantuono, A., and T. Tylka. (2012). Interpersonal and interpersonal links to body appreciation in college women: an exploratory model. Body Image 9(2):227-235.
74. Kelly, A., and E. Stephen. (2016). A daily diary study of self-compassion, body image, and eating behavior in female college students. Body Image.17:152-160. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.03.006.
75. Kelly A, Miller K, Stephen E. (2016).The benefits of being self-compassionate on days when interactions with body-focused others are frequent. Body Image. Dec;19:195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.10.005.
76. Keirns NG & Hawkins MAW (2019). The relationship between intuitive eating and body image is moderated by measured body mass index. Eat Behav. 23(33):91-96.
77. Koller KA, Thompson KA, Miller AJ, Walsh EC, Bardone-Cone AM. (2020). Body appreciation and intuitive eating in eating disorder recovery. Int J Eat Disord. Aug;53(8):1261-1269. doi: 10.1002/eat.23238..
78. Layman, H. M., Keirns, N. G., & Hawkins, M. A. (2021). Internalization of body image as a potential mediator of the relationship between body acceptance by others and intuitive eating. Journal of American College Health, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2021.1947832
79. Lăzărescu, G., & Vintilă, M. (2025). The relationship between objectification and the desire to undergo cosmetic surgery: the mediating role of intuitive eating and body image flexibility. Frontiers in nutrition, 12, 1537433. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1537433
80. Lee MF, Target C, Liddelow C, Burke KJ. Bouncing back with bliss: nurturing body image and embracing intuitive eating in the postpartum: a cross-sectional replication study. J Reprod Infant Psychol. 2026 Jan;44(1):129-142. doi: 10.1080/02646838.2024.2367499. Epub 2024 Jun 19. PMID: 41449589.
81. Linardon J. (2022). Reciprocal associations between intuitive eating and positive body image components: A multi-wave, cross-lagged study. Appetite Nov 1;178:10618
82. Linardon J. (2021). Positive body image, intuitive eating, and self-compassion protect against the onset of the core symptoms of eating disorders: A prospective study. The International journal of eating disorders, 54(11), 1967–1977. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23623
83. Linardon J, Mitchell S. (2017.) Rigid dietary control, flexible dietary control, and intuitive eating: Evidence for their differential relationship to disordered eating and body image concerns. Eat Behav. 26:16-22.
84. Liu, Y., Zhou, J., Wang, Y. et al. (2025). Self-compassion cultivates intuitive eating: a randomized controlled trial of a new intervention among the Chinese. Curr Psychol. doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-07265-x
85. Luo U, Niu G, Kong F, Chen (2019). Online interpersonal sexual objectification experiences and Chinese adolescent girls’ intuitive eating: The role of broad conceptualization of beauty and body appreciation. Eat Behav. 2019 Apr;33:55-60.
86. Mensinger, J., R. Calogero, T. Tylka. (201). Internalized weight stigma moderates eating behavior outcomes in women with high BMI participating in a healthy living program. Appetite. 102:32-43
87. Messer M, Lee S, Linardon J.(2023). Longitudinal association between self-compassion and intuitive eating: Testing emotion regulation and body image flexibility as mediating variables. J Clin Psychol. 2023 Nov;79(11):2625-2634. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23569. Epub 2023 Jul 18. PMID: 37462510.
88. Messer M, Tylka TL, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M et al. (2022). Does body appreciation predict decreases in eating pathology via intuitive eating? A longitudinal mediation analysis. Body Image. Sep 13;43:107-111.
89. Messer, M., McClure, Z., Lee, S., & Linardon, J. (2021). Bidirectional relationships between intuitive eating and shape and weight overvaluation, dissatisfaction, preoccupation, and fear of weight gain: A prospective study. Body Image, 39, 227–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.09.001
90. Miller K., Kelly A., Stephen E. (2019). Exposure to body focused and non-body focuses other over a week: A preliminary investigation of their unique contributions to college women’s eating and body image. Body Image. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.003
91. Murray, K., Rieger, E., Brown, P. M., Brichacek, A., & Walker, I. (2023). Body image explains differences in intuitive eating between men and women: Examining indirect effects across negative and positive body image. Body image, 45, 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.03.018
92. Oswald, A., Chapman, J., and Wilson, C. (2017.) Do interoceptive awareness and interoceptive responsiveness mediate the relationship between body appreciation and intuitive eating in young women? Appetite 109:66-72. PMID:27866989
93. Peled A, Horovitz O. (2026).Intuitive eating content and body appreciation: A 4-week digital micro-intervention for young adults (randomized trial). J Health Psychol. Jan 27:13591053251408881. doi: 10.1177/13591053251408881.
94. Ramos, M. H., Silva, J. M., De Oliveira, T. A. V., da Silva Batista, J., Cattafesta, M., Salaroli, L. B., & Soares, F. L. P. (2020). Intuitive eating and body appreciation in type 2 diabetes. Journal of Health Psychology, 135910532095079. doi:10.1177/1359105320950791
95. Rodgers RF, Berry R, Laveway K, Carrard I.(2022). Positive body image, intuitive eating, and psychosocial functioning among older women: Testing an integrated model. Eat Behav. Mar 26;45:101627. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101627.
96. Romano KA, Heron KE (2023). Daily weight stigma experiences, and disordered and intuitive eating behaviors among young adults with body dissatisfaction. Int J Eat Disord. Mar;56(3):538-550. doi: 10.1002/eat.23859. Epub 2022 Nov 21. PMID: 36408855.
97. Romano, K. A., & Heron, K. E. (2021). Examining Race and Gender Differences in Associations among Body Appreciation, Eudaimonic Psychological Well-Being, and Intuitive Eating and Exercising. American Journal of Health Promotion, 089011712110369. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171211036910
98. Sabik, N. J., Talamas, A., Florio, K., Keefe, B., & Cohen, S. (2018). Body appreciation and engaging in “old talk” are associated with midlife women’s eating attitudes. Innovation in Aging, 2(Suppl. 1), 259–260. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igy023.964
99. Schmid, J., Linxwiler, A., Owen, E., Caplan, H., Jenkins, K. R., Bauer, K. W., Zawistowski, M., Weeks, H. M., & Sonneville, K. R. (2024). Weight-inclusive, intuitive eating-based workplace wellness program associated with improvements in intuitive eating, eating disorder symptoms, internalized weight stigma, and diet quality. Eating behaviors, 52, 101840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101840
100. Schoenefeld, S., and J. Webb. (2013). Self-compassion and intuitive eating in college women: Examining the contributions of distress tolerance and body image acceptance and action. Eating Behavior 14(4):493-6.
101. Şenol MP, Öneş E, Baş M, Arıtıcı Çolak G. Intuitive Eating Intervention in Physically Active Adults: Effects on Anthropometry, Athletic Performance, Eating Attitudes, and Body Image. Nutrients. 2025 Aug 29;17(17):2824. doi: 10.3390/nu17172824. PMID: 40944212; PMCID: PMC12430477.
102. Sire T, St-Cyr J, Carbonneau É, Carbonneau N. Latent Profile Analyses of Intuitive Eating and Motivation to Regulate Eating Behaviors: Associations with Diet Quality, Eating Behaviors, and Body Image. Appetite. 2026 Jan 28:108485. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108485.
103. Soulliard, Z. A., Le, T. P., & Yamasaki, V. (2024). Pride and body image among transgender and nonbinary adults: the mediating role of body appreciation between gender identity pride and intuitive eating. Eating disorders, 1–18. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2024.2365519
104. Spoor, K., and H. Madanat. (2016). Relationship Between Body Image Discrepancy and Intuitive Eating. International Quarterly of Community Health Education 36:189-197.
105. Squires, N. D., Goode, M., Pye, A., Papini, N. M., Lopez, N. V., Harris, C., Dillon, J. D., Laing, E. M., Lee, S., & Clifford, D. (2024). Weight-Inclusive Podcasts Improved Intuitive Eating, Body Appreciation, and Anti-Fat Attitudes Among Nutrition Students. Journal of nutrition education and behavior, S1499-4046(24)00353-1. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2024.06.003
106. Tosca D. Braun, Jessica L. Unick, Ana M. Abrantes, et al. (2022) Intuitive eating buffers the link between internalized weight stigma and body mass index in stressed adults. Appetite 169, 105810
107. Tylka,T., and K. Homan. 2015. Exercise motives and positive body image in physically active college women and men: Exploring an expanded acceptance model of intuitive eating. Body Image. 15:90-97.
108. Wilson RE, Marshall RD, Murakami JM, Latner JD. (2020).Brief non-dieting intervention increases intuitive eating and reduces dieting intention, body image dissatisfaction, and anti-fat attitudes: A randomized controlled trial. Appetite. 2020 May 1;148:104556. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104556. Epub 2020 Jan 1. PMID: 31901439.283. doi: 10.1017/S0954422417000154.
109. Xia, M., Harriger, J. A., Bui, K., & Kim, L. P. (2025). Ethnic identity, body appreciation, and intuitive eating in a national sample of U.S. adults. Eating behaviors, 57, 101991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101991
110. Yamamiya, Y., Shimai, S., & Homan, K. J. (2021). Exploring the gratitude model of body appreciation and intuitive eating among Japanese women. Body image, 36, 230–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.12.005
111. Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Yoon C, Johnston C, Cepni AB, Ledoux T. Body appreciation as an indirect pathway in the association between health values and eating behaviors among college students. Eat Behav. 2025 Dec;59:102043. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102043. Epub 2025 Oct 17. PMID: 41151325.
112. Zhu, Y., Gao, J., Gao, Q., Chen, D., & Zeng, Z. (2024). Association between body weight perception and intuitive eating among undergraduate students in China: the mediating role of body image. Frontiers in nutrition, 10, 1288257. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1288257
College Students & Athletes
113. Barad A. et al (2019). Associations Between Intuitive Eating Behaviors and Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among College Students. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2019 Jun;51(6):758-762.pars
114. Belon KE, Serier KN, VanderJagt H, Smith JE (2022). What Is Healthy Eating? Exploring Profiles of Intuitive Eating and Nutritionally Healthy Eating in College Women. Am J Health Promot. Jan 27;8901171211073870.
115. Cole, R., H. Clark , J. Heileson, J. DeMay, M.Smith. 2016. Normal Weight Status in Military Service Members Was Associated With Intuitive Eating Characteristic. Military Medicine 181(6):589-595.
116. Hahn K., M. Wiseman, J. Hendrickson, J. Phillips, E. Hayden. 2012. Intuitive Eating and College Female Athletes. Psychology of Women Quarterly. doi: 10.1177/0361684311433282
117. Hawks, S., H. Madanat, J. Hawks, A. Harris. 2005. The relationship between intuitive eating and health indicators among college women. American Journal of Health Education 36, 331- 336.
118. Heileson, J., R. Cole (2011). Assessing Motivation for Eating and Intuitive Eating in Military Service Members. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 111 (9S): Page A26.
119. Humphrey, L., D. Clifford, M. Neyman Morris. (2015). Health at Every Size College Course Reduces Dieting Behaviors and Improves Intuitive Eating, Body Esteem, and Anti-Fat Attitudes. Journal of Nutrition Education. 47(4):354-360.
120. Jeune, S., Graziano, P., Campa, A., & Coccia, C. (2024). The Mediating Effect of Eating Behaviors on Interoception, Self-Regulation and Weight Status Among College Students. Nutrients, 16(23), 3986. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16233986
121. Liu, K., Gong, H., Liu, X., Zhang, T., & Mei, S. (2025). Internet addiction affects college students’ intuitive eating over physical activity: Evidence from multiple studies. Journal of health psychology, 30(6), 1377–1390. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053241310321
122. Lopez TD, Hernandez D, Bode S, Ledoux T. (2021). J Am Coll Health. A complex relationship between intuitive eating and diet quality among university students. Nov 17:1-7. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1996368
123. MacDougall, E. (2010). An Examination of a Culturally Relevant Model of Intuitive Eating with African American College Women. University of Akron, 2010. Dissertation 218 pp.
124. Nunes, C. L., Carraça, E. V., Jesus, F., et al. (2022). Changes in food reward and intuitive eating after weight loss and maintenance in former athletes with overweight or ob*sity. Ob*sity30(5), 1004–1014. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23407
125. Rezende, F., Oliveira, B. M. P. M., & Poínhos, R. (2024). Assessment of Intuitive Eating and Mindful Eating among Higher Education Students: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 12(5), 572. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12050572
126. Ruiz, A. C., de Lara Machado, W., D’avila, H. F., & Feoli, A. M. P. (2024). Intuitive eating in the COVID-19 era: a study with university students in Brazil. Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS, 37(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-024-00306-1
127. Shouse, S., and J. Nilsson. (2011). Self-Silencing, Emotional Awareness, and Eating Behaviors in College Women Psychology of Women Quarterly 35: 451-457.
128. Souto, C. R., Salaroli, L. B., da Silva, G. G., Cattafesta, M., Silva, Y. F. R., & Soares, F. L. P. (2024). Intuitive eating has reduced the chances of being overweight in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in nutrition, 11, 1329788. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1329788
129. Thomson, J., & Almstedt, H. C. (2025). Intuitive Eating and the Female Athlete Triad in Collegiate Runners. Nutrients, 17(14), 2337. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17142337
130. Webb, J., and A. Hardin. (2016). An integrative affect regulation process model of internalized weight bias and Intuitive Eating in college women. Appetite. 102:60-69. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.024.
131. Yang, C., Wen, H., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., Sun, Y., & Yuan, F. (2023). Family cohesion and intuitive eating in Chinese college students: A serial mediation model. Appetite, 190, 107021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2023.107021
Cross-Cultural & Sociodemographic Research
132. Albajri E, Naseeb M. (2023). Sex differences in intuitive eating and its relationship with body mass index among adults aged 18-40 years in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr. Jul 19;10:1214480. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1214480. PMID: 37538925; PMCID: PMC10395086.
133. Argyrides M, Anastasiades E. Intuitive eating in Greek-Cypriot adults: Influence of gender and body mass. Front Psychol. 2022 Nov 24;13:1033720. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1033720. PMID: 36506965; PMCID: PMC9731100.
134. Cui, T., Xu, Y., Barnhart, W. R., Gaggiano, C. M., Tong, K. K., & He, J. (2025). Testing the acceptance model of intuitive eating for explaining intuitive eating dimensions and sex differences in Chinese adults. Appetite, 216, 108280. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108280
135. Muhammad R, Ismail WNDRAW, Firdus S, Abdul Hamid SB, Mohd Asmawi UM, Md Nor N. Intuitive Eating Behaviour among Young Malay Adults in Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions. Nutrients. 2023 Feb 8;15(4):869. doi: 10.3390/nu15040869. PMID: 36839227; PMCID: PMC9964300.
Diabetes & Medical Conditions
136. Avignon, A., Bonnet, J. B., Anitcheou, J., Tournayre, S., Attalin, V., Boegner, C., Jalek, A., Jullien, D., Le Rouzic, C., Myzia, J., Marty, L., Kemba, Y., Sultan, A., & Bousquet, J. (2025). Clustering of intuitive eating and psychological health identifies subgroups associated with weight loss following semaglutide. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 33(5), 892–902. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.24262
137. Ayyıldız F, Akbulut G, Karaçil Ermumcu MŞ, Acar Tek N. Emotional and intuitive eating: an emerging approach to eating behaviours related to obesity. J Nutr Sci. 2023 Feb 13;12:e19. doi: 10.1017/jns.2023.11. PMID: 36843981; PMCID: PMC9947595.
138. Basinger ED, Cameron SJ, Allen G. (2023).Stigma, Self-Care, and Intuitive Eating in Black Americans with Type 2 Diabetes. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Aug 25. doi: 10.1007/s40615-023-01772-6. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37626193.
139. Camilleri, G., C. Méjea, F. Bellisle, V. Andreeva, E. Kesse-Guyot, S. Hercberg, S. Péneau. 2016. Intuitive eating is inversely associated with body weight status in the general population based NutriNet-Santé study. Obesity. doi: 10.1002/oby.21440.
140. Eşer Durmaz, S., Özenir, Ç., Nişanci Kilinç, F., Çakir, B., Bayindir Gümüş, A., & Açik, M. (2025). The relationship between intuitive eating, Mediterranean diet compliance, and obesity: a cross-sectional based on a structural equation study. Nutritional neuroscience, 1–11. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2025.2603543
141. Fornasaro-Donahue V, Gunsoy C, Melanson KJ, Larson L. Examining Intuitive Eating Behavior Across Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and Non-Surgical Patients. R I Med J (2013). 2025 Dec 1;108(12):8-14. PMID: 41284400.
142. Keirns, N. G., & Hawkins, M. A. W. (2019). Intuitive eating, objective weight status and physical indicators of health. Obesity science & practice, 5(5), 408–415. https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.359
143. Kocak Yıldırım Y, Şarer Yürekli B. (2022).Intuitive eating attitude in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and their relationship with glycemic control. ETD. 2022;61 (53):360-7.
144. Koller, O. G., Menezes, V. M., Busanello, A., & de Almeida, J. C. (2024). Association between intuitive eating and health outcomes in outpatients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. European journal of nutrition, 63(5), 1623–1634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-024-03361-7
145. Nogue M, Nogue E, Molinari N, Macioce V, Avignon, Sultan (2019). Intuitive eating is associated with weight loss after bariatric surgery in women. Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz046.
146. Soares FLP, Ramos MH, Cattafesta M, Salaroli LB. (2021). Association between intuitive eating and food intake in type 2 diabetes: a study based on the NOVA classification. DEMETRA [Internet]. 2021 Sep. 29 [cited 2026 Jan. 12];16:e57927. Available from: https://www.e-publicacoes.uerj.br/demetra/article/view/57927
147. Soares FLP, Ramos MH, Gramelisch M, de Paula et al (2020).. Intuitive eating is associated with glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Eat Weight Disord. 2020 Mar 30. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-00894-8. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32232778.
148. Wheeler, B., J. Lawrence, M. Chae, H. Paterson, A. Gray, D. Healey, D. Reith, B. Taylor.(2016). Intuitive eating is associated with glycaemic control in adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus. Appetite. 96:160-165.
149. Willig AL, Richardson BS, Agne A, Cherrington A. (2014). Intuitive eating practices among African-American women living with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014 Jun;114(6):889-96.
Diet Quality, Nutrition & Health Outcomes
150. Ateş, K. S., Bakırhan, H., & Kalkan, I. (2024). Mental health and sleep quality: are intuitive eating, hedonic hunger and diet quality, determinants? a cross-sectional study. Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi, 36(2), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.4314/mmj.v36i2.4
151. Bilici, S., Kocaadam, B., Mortas, H., Kucukerdonmez, O., & Koksal, E. (2018). Intuitive eating in youth: Its relationship with nutritional status. Revista de Nutrição, 31(6), 557–565. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652018000600005
152. Camilleri, G., C. Méjea, F. Bellisle, V. Andreeva, E. Kesse-Guyot, S. Hercberg, S. Péneau. 2017.Intuitive Eating Dimensions Were Differently Associated with Food Intake in the General Population-Based NutriNet-Santé Study. Journal of Nutrition. Jan;147(1):61-69. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.234088.
153. Christoph MJ, Loth KA, Eisenberg ME, Haynos AF, Larson N, Neumark-Sztainer D (2018).Nutrition Facts Use in Relation to Eating Behaviors and Healthy and Unhealthy Weight Control Behaviors. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2018 Mar;50(3):267-274.e1.doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.11.001
154. Christoph MJ, et al. (2021) Intuitive Eating is Associated With Higher Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Adults. J Nutr Educ Behav. Jan 7:S1499-4046(20)30746-6
155. Green, H. L., & García, L. I. (2025). Intuitive eating and its associations with psychological and physical health indicators among rural U.S. adults. Journal of health psychology, 13591053251336605. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053251336605
156. Hawks, S., R. Merrill, T. Miyagawa, J. Suwanteerangkul, C. Guarin, C. Shaofang. (2004).Intuitive eating and the nutrition transition in Asia. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 13, 194203.
157. Horwath, C., Hagmann, D., & Hartmann, C. (2019). Intuitive eating and food intake in men and women: Results from the Swiss food panel study. Appetite. 1(135):61-71. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.12.036
158. Levinson JA, Gamble J, Rose K, Garnett BR, Hinchey D and Pope L (2026) Defining the guiding principles of weight-inclusive nutrition education. Front. Public Health 14:1734480. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1734480
159. Madden, C., S. Leong, A. Gray, C. Horwath. (2012). Eating in response to hunger and satiety signals is related to BMI in a nationwide sample of 1601 mid-age New Zealand women. Public Health Nutrition, Mar:1-8.
160. Ruzanska, U. A., & Warschburger, P. (2020). How is intuitive eating related to self-reported and laboratory food intake in middle-aged adults?. Eating behaviors, 38, 101405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101405
161. Schaefer, J. and M. Zullo. (2017). US Registered dietitian nutritionist’s knowledge and attitudes of Intuitive Eating and use of various weight management practices. J Acad Nutr Diet.117(9):1419-1428.
162. Sire, T., Carbonneau, N., Lemieux, S., & Carbonneau, É. (2025). Associations between intuitive eating, overall diet quality, and physical health indicators: Results of the PREDISE study. Appetite, 207, 107904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.107904
163. Teas, E., Kimiecik, J., Ward, R. M., & Timmerman, K. (2022). Intuitive Eating and Biomarkers Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults. Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 54(5), 412–421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2022.01.010
164. Van Dyke, N., and E. Drinkwater. 2014. Relationships between intuitive eating and health indicators: literature review. Public Health Nutrition 17(8):1757-66.
Eating Disorders & Disordered Eating
165. Anderson, L., E. Reilly, K. Schaumberg, S. Dmochowski, D. Anderson. 2016. Contributions of mindful eating, intuitive eating, and restraint to BMI, disordered eating, and meal consumption in college students. Eating and Weight Disorders. 21(1):83-90.
166. Babbott, K. M., Consedine, N. S., & Roberts, M. (2024). Your Body Is Your Home: The feasibility of an intuitive eating intervention for early adolescents. The International journal of eating disorders, 57(3), 727–739. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24163
167. Babbott, K. M., Cavadino, A., Brenton-Peters, J., Consedine, N. S., & Roberts, M. (2022). Outcomes of intuitive eating interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eating disorders, 1–31. Advance online publication.
168. Burnette B. & Mazzeo (2020). An uncontrolled pilot feasibility trial of an intuitive eating intervention for college women with disordered eating … Int J Eat Disorder. June:1–13.
169. Casgrain, J., Njeim, P., Hajj-Boutros, G., & Karelis, A. D. (2026). Effect of an intuitive eating intervention on disordered eating behaviours and dietary quality in young adult Canadian women: A randomized controlled trial. Eating behaviors, 60, 102067. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.102067
170. Cerea, S., Iannattone, S., Mancin, P., Bottesi, G., & Marchetti, I. (2024). Eating disorder symptom dimensions and protective factors: A structural network analysis study. Appetite, 197, 107326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107326
171. Coimbra M, Ferreira C.(2020). Making the leap from healthy to disordered eating: the role of intuitive and inflexible eating attitudes in orthorexic behaviours among women. Eat Weight Disord. Sep 9. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-00998-1.
172. Craven M & Fekete E. (2019). Weight-related shame and guilt, intuitive eating, and binge eating in female college students. Appetite. Oi.10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.03.002
173. Denny, K., K. Loth, M. Eisenberg, D. Neumark–Sztainer, D. 2013. Intuitive eating in young adults. Who is doing it, and how is it related to disordered eating behaviors? Appetite 60:13–19.
174. DeVille DC, Erchull MJ, Mailloux JR. (2021). Intuitive eating mediates the relationship between interoceptive accuracy and eating disorder risk. Eat Behav. Mar 3;41:101495. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101495.
175. Gan WY and Yeoh WC (2017). Associations between body weight status, psychological well- being and disordered eating with Intuitive Eating among Malaysian undergraduate university students. Int J Adolesc Med Health. Sept 13.
176. Hazzard, V. M., Telke, S. E., Simone, M., Anderson, L. M., Larson, N. I., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2021). Intuitive eating longitudinally predicts better psychological health and lower use of disordered eating behaviors: findings from EAT 2010-2018. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 26(1), 287–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-00852-4
177. He, J., Wang, Z., Fu, Y., Wang, Y., Yi, S., Ji, F., & Nagata, J. M. (2024). Associations between screen use while eating and eating disorder symptomatology: Exploring the roles of mindfulness and intuitive eating. Appetite, 197, 107320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107320
178. He J, Fu Y, Cui S, Barnhart WR, Zhang X, Han J, Wang Y, Ganson KT, Nagata JM.(2023). Screen use while eating is associated with lower intuitive eating and higher disordered eating in Chinese adult men and women. Int J Eat Disord. 2023 Oct;56(10):1961-1972. doi: 10.1002/eat.24026. Epub 2023 Jul 25. PMID: 37489116.
179. He, J., Chen, X., Cui, T., Xiao, Y., Barnhart, W. R., Wang, Y., Yi, S., & Nagata, J. M. (2024). Engagement in Intermittent Fasting is Prospectively Associated With Higher Body Mass Index, Higher Eating Disorder Psychopathology, and Lower Intuitive Eating in Chinese Adults. The International journal of eating disorders, 10.1002/eat.24322. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24322
180. He, J., Chen, X., Cui, T., Xiao, Y., Barnhart, W. R., Wang, Y., Yi, S., & Nagata, J. M. (2025). Engagement in Intermittent Fasting is Prospectively Associated With Higher Body Mass Index, Higher Eating Disorder Psychopathology, and Lower Intuitive Eating in Chinese Adults. The International journal of eating disorders, 58(1), 225–237. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.24322
181. Holmes, S. C., Norton, M. K., Fogwell, N. T., Temes, E. E., Carr, M. M., & Johnson, D. M. (2024). The impact of intuitive eating on the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and disordered eating among women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). Eating disorders, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2024.2353475
182. Joshi, V., Graziani, P., & Del-Monte, J. (2024). Interoceptive sensibility, intuitive eating, binge, and disordered eating behavior among individuals with obesity: A comparative study with the general population. Journal of health psychology, 13591053241237900. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053241237900
183. Joshi, V., Graziani, P., & Del-Monte, J. (2024). Bodily sensations and bariatric surgery: Links between interoceptive sensibility, intuitive and disordered eating behaviour in obesity and obesity surgery. European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association, 32(3), 514–523. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.3066
184. Katcher JA, Suminski RR, Pacanowski CR (2022). Impact of an Intuitive Eating Intervention on Disordered Eating Risk Factors in Female-Identifying Undergraduates: A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Sep 23;19(19):12049
185. Khoshzad, M., Maïano, C., Morin, A. J. S., & Aimé, A. (2025). Affect, Disordered Eating Attitudes and Behaviors, and Orthorexia Nervosa Among Women: Mediation Through Intuitive Eating. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 15(7), 967. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15070967
186. Lee, M. F., Madsen, J., Williams, S. L., Browne, M., & Burke, K. J. (2022). Differential Effects of Intuitive and Disordered Eating on Physical and Psychological Outcomes for Women with Young Children. Maternal and child health journal, 26(2), 407–414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-021-03251-y
187. Linardon J., Tylka T., and Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M. (2021). Intuitive eating and its psychological correlates: a meta-analysis. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2021:1-26.
188. Linardon, J., Messer, M., Helms, E. R., McLean, C., Incerti, L., & Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, M. (2020). Interactions between different eating patterns on recurrent binge-eating behavior: A machine learning approach. The International journal of eating disorders, 53(4), 533–540. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23232
189. Mensinger JL, Valls Palacios Reese A, Johnston A, Rinaldi K. (2025). Eating Pathology and Interoceptive Sensibility Using the Brief Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness-2: Can There be Too Much of a Good Thing? J Pers Assess. 2025 Sep-Oct;107(5):671-683. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2445706
190. Meriç, Ç. S., & Yabanci Ayhan, N. (2025). Evaluation of the relationship between intuitive eating, mindful eating, body weight, and eating disorders: path analysis research on future health professionals. International journal of environmental health research, 35(8), 2266–2275. https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2025.2492362
191. Messer M, Liu C, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, Anderson C, Tylka TL, Linardon J. Acceptability and Efficacy of a Web-Based, Intuitive Eating-Focused Single Session Intervention for Recurrent Binge Eating: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Eat Disord. 2025 Aug;58(8):1547-1557. doi: 10.1002/eat.24466. Epub 2025 May 15. PMID: 40375094; PMCID: PMC12336771.
192. Nelson, J. D., Trojanowski, P. J., Aarnio-Peterson, C. M., Fischer, S., Adams, L., & Matthews, A. (2023). Caregiver and adolescent intuitive eating behavior: associations with weight change during family-based treatment for anorexia nervosa. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 28(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-023-01557-0
193. Plateau CR, Petrie TA, Papathomas A (2017). Learning to eat again: Intuitive eating practices among retired female collegiate athletes. Eating Disorders. 25(1):92-98.
194. Resende, T. R. O., Almeida, M., Dos Santos Alvarenga, M., Brown, T. A., & de Carvalho, P. H. B. (2022). Dissonance-based eating disorder prevention improves intuitive eating: a randomized controlled trial for Brazilian women with body dissatisfaction. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 27(3), 1099–1112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01245-x
195. Rezeppa, T. L., & Jean Forney, K. (2025). Intuitive eating may underlie the link between food insecurity and binge eating in college students. Appetite, 214, 108147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108147
196. Richard A, Meule A, Georgii C, Voderholzer U, Cuntz U, Wilhelm F, Blechert J (2019).Associations between interoceptive sensitivity, intuitive eating, and body mass index in patients with anorexia nervosa and normal-weight controls. Eur Eat Disord Rev. Sep;27(5):571-577.
197. Richards PS, Crowton S, Berrett ME, Smith MH, Passmore K (2017). Can patients with eating disorders learn to eat intuitively? A 2-year pilot study. Eat Disord. 2017 Feb 2:1-15. doi: 10.1080/10640266.2017.1279907.
198. Rodgers, R. F., White, M., & Berry, R. (2021). Orthorexia nervosa, intuitive eating, and eating competence in female and male college students. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 26(8), 2625–2632. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-01054-8
199. Romano KA, Peterson CB, Anderson LM, Richson BN, Dougherty E, Heron KE (2026). Affect, interoception, and disordered and intuitive eating behaviors: Examining momentary mediational associations among women with eating disorder pathology. Appetite. 2026 Feb 1;217:108342. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108342. Epub 2025 Oct 10. PMID: 41077072; PMCID: PMC12554365.
200. Romano, K. A., Swanbrow Becker, M. A., Colgary, C. D., & Magnuson, A. (2018). Helpful or harmful? The comparative value of self-weighing and calorie counting versus intuitive eating on the eating disorder symptomology of college students. Eating and Weight Disorders – Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. doi:10.1007/s40519-018-0562-6
201. Schueler J, Philip SR, Vitus D, Engler S, Fields SA. Group differences in binge eating, impulsivity, and intuitive and mindful eating among intermittent fasters and non-fasters. Appetite. 2023 Mar 1;182:106416. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106416. Epub 2022 Dec 13. PMID: 36526039.
202. Skubisz, C., Vizthum, D., Katcher, J. A., & Pacanowski, C. R. (2026). Communicating about nutrition without causing disordered eating: the role of affect, worry, and heart rate variability. Journal of communication in healthcare, 1–10. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2026.2635198
203. Smitham, L. (2008). Evaluating an Intuitive Eating Program for Binge Eating Disorder: A Benchmarking Study. University of Notre Dame, Dissertation. 26 November 2008
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205. Tylka, T., and J. Wilcox. 2006. Are intuitive eating and eating disorder symptomatology opposite poles of the same construct? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 474-485
206. Yoon, C. Y., Kinariwala, K., Mai, D., Ledoux, T. A., Betts, R., & Johnston, C. A. (2025). Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors and intuitive eating by college-going generation status. Journal of American college health : J of ACH, 1–9. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2025.2510686
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218. Carraça EV, Leong SL, Horwath CC (2018.). Weight-focused physical activity is associated with poorer eating motivation quality and lower Intuitive Eating in women. J Acad Nutr Diet. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.09.011
219. Cetin IH, Aytulu T. The relationship between social media use, intuitive eating and dietary intake in adults. Psychol Health Med. 2025 Oct 8:1-12. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2025.2569107. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41059726.
220. Christoph MJ et al (2021). Longitudinal associations between intuitive eating and weight-related behaviors in a population-based sample of young adults. Appetite. 160: doi.org/10.1016/appet.2021.105093
221. de Barba, Y. C., Lazarotto, A. K., Alves De Martini, M. C., Artuso, E., Szpak Gaievski, E. H., Gallin, A. L., & Benvegnú, D. M. (2021). Effects of Intuitive Eating on the Quality of Life and Wellbeing of Yoga Practitioners, Physical Activity Practitioners and Sedentary Individuals. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, AT6282. Advance online publication.
222. Ding Z, Pei Q, Fang T, Xiao L, Yin D, Sun Z. Assessment of smartphone addiction and its relationship with health-promoting lifestyle profile and intuitive eating behavior: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry. 2025 Oct 3;16:1682921. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1682921. PMID: 41113199; PMCID: PMC12531270.
223. Eaton, M., Probst, Y., Foster, T., Messore, J., & Robinson, L. (2024). A systematic review of observational studies exploring the relationship between health and non-weight-centric eating behaviours. Appetite, 199, 107361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107361
224. Erhardt G (2021). Intuitive eating as a counter-cultural process towards self-actualisation: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of experiences of learning to eat intuitively. Health Psychology Open. 8 (1): https://doi.org/10.1177/20551029211000957
225. Ellis, J., A. Galloway, R. Webb, D. Martz, C. Farrow. 2016. Recollections of pressure to eat during childhood, but not picky eating, predict young adult eating behavior. Appetite. 97:58-63. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.11.020.
226. Gast, J., H. Madanat, A. Nielson. 2011. Are Men More Intuitive When It Comes to Eating and Physical Activity? Americna Journal Men Health. doi: 10.1177/1557988311428090.
227. Gast, J., A. Nielson, A. Hunt, J. Leiker. 2015. Intuitive eating: associations with physical activity motivation and BMI. American Journal of Public Health. 29(3):e91-9. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.130305-QUAN-97.
228. Giacone, L., Sob, C., Siegrist, M., & Hartmann, C. (2024). Intuitive eating and its influence on self-reported weight and eating behaviors. Eating behaviors, 52, 101844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101844
229. Gödde JU, Yuan TY, Kakinami L, Cohen TR. (2022). Intuitive eating and its association with psychosocial health in adults: A cross-sectional study in a representative Canadian sample Appetite. Jan 1;168:105782. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105782.
230. Hazzard, V. M., Burnette, C. B., Hooper, L., Larson, N., Eisenberg, M. E., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2022). Lifestyle health behavior correlates of intuitive eating in a population-based sample of men and women. Eating behaviors.46, 101644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101644
231. Holding, A., Lavigne, G., Vermette, L., & Carbonneau, N. (2024). Motivation to regulate eating behaviors, intuitive eating, and well-being: A dyadic study with mothers and adult daughters. Appetite, 199, 107403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107403
232. Holding, A., Lavigne, G., Vermette, L., & Carbonneau, N. (2024). Motivation to regulate eating behaviors, intuitive eating, and well-being: A dyadic study with mothers and adult daughters. Appetite, 199, 107403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107403
233. Huang, C., Guo, J., Zhou, X. et al. (2025).How personality traits affect intuitive eating in male seafarers. Curr Psychol 44, 4605–4613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-025-07471-1
234. Jackson A, Sano Y, Parker L, Cox AE, Lanigan J (2022). Intuitive eating and dietary intake. Eat Behav. Feb 24;45:101606. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101606.
235. Jackson, A. M., Iniguez, A., Min, H. J., Strickland, M., & Lanigan, J. (2023). “I enjoy the good foods, all of which are not good for me.” The categorization and moralization of food. Appetite, 191, 107071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2023.107071
236. Kilger M. & Aronson FP (2024). “You were born into this world an intuitive eater”: Healthism and self-transformative practices on social media. Food and Foodways 32(1):35-55.
237. Leong, S., A.Gray, J. Haszard, C. Horwath. (2016). Weight-Control Methods, 3-Year Weight Change, and Eating Behaviors: A Prospective Nationwide Study of Middle-Aged New Zealand Women. J Acad of Nutr Dietet doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.02.021.
238. Longhurst P, Burnette CB. Challenges and opportunities for conceptualizing intuitive eating in autistic people. Int J Eat Disord. 2023 Oct 4. doi: 10.1002/eat.24057. PMID: 37794653.
239. Loor JM, Mullins CR, Pacheco C, VanderJagt H, Smith JE. (2023).A qualitative exploration of perceived barriers and facilitators to following an intuitive eating style. Eat Behav. Apr;49:101744. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101744. Epub 2023 May 9. PMID: 37178460.
240. Loor, J. M., Mullins, C. R., & Smith, J. E. (2023). Examination of ecological validity of intuitive eating. Appetite, 188, 106761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2023.106761
241. Markey CH, Strodl E, Aimé A et al (2022). A survey of eating styles in eight countries: Examining restrained, emotional, intuitive eating and their correlates. Br J Health Psychol.Aug 8.
242. Martin, H., Stenling, A., & Hargreaves, E. A. (2024). Motivational profiles for eating behavior and their associations with intuitive eating. Appetite, 201, 107603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107603
243. Memic Inan C, Canbolat E, Imrol F. The mediating role of intuitive eating in the relationship between food insecurity and the Mediterranean diet: a regional cross-sectional study in Türkiye. Br J Nutr. 2025 Nov 7:1-7. doi: 10.1017/S0007114525105606. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41199373.
244. Monthuy-Blanc J, Faghihi U, Fardshad MNG, Corno G, Iceta S, St-Pierre MJ, Bouchard S. When Eating Intuitively Is Not Always a Positive Response: Using Machine Learning to Better Unravel Eaters Profiles. J Clin Med. 2023 Aug 8;12(16):5172. doi: 10.3390/jcm12165172. PMID: 37629214; PMCID: PMC10455794.
245. Nielsen, T., and R. Powell (2015). Dreams of the Rarebit Fiend: food and diet as instigators of bizarre and disturbing dreams. Frontiers in Psychology 6:47.
246. Ogden J, Pavlova E, Fouracre H, Lammyman F.(2020). The impact of intuitive eating v. pinned eating on behavioural markers: a preliminary investigation. J Nutr Sci. 2020 Aug 12;9:e34. doi: 10.1017/jns.2020.25.
247. Outland, L, Madanat H., and Rust F. (2013). Intuitive Eating for a Healthy Weight. Primary Health Care 2013 23: 9 , 22 -28
248. Owens, B. A., Sabik, N. J., Tovar, A., Ward-Ritacco, C. L., Melanson, K., Guerrieo, Z., & Oaks, B. M. (2024). Higher morning cortisol is associated with lower intuitive eating in midlife women. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 162, 106958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.106958
249. Owens BA, Sabik NJ, Tovar A, Ward-Ritacco CL, Oaks BM. Higher intuitive eating is associated with lower adiposity in midlife women. Eat Behav. 2023 Aug;50:101796. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101796. Epub 2023 Aug 20. PMID: 37634483.
250. Persil-Ozkan, O., Ozcelik-Ersu, D., Erginbas, C., & Demirel-Ozbek, Y. (2026). The relationship between internet addiction and intuitive eating: a cross-sectional study among young adults. BMC public health, 10.1186/s12889-026-26662-4. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-26662-4
251. Ramón Barrada J, Cativiela B, van Strien T, Cebolla A.(2020) Intuitive eating:a novel eating style? Evidence from a Spanish sample. Eur J Psychol Assess.36(1):19-31.
252. Reichenberger, J (2019). “I will fast … tomorrow”: Intentions to restrict eating and actual restriction in daily life and their person-level predictors. Appetite.
253. Ricciardelli BL (2016). A systematic review of the psychosocial correlates of intuitive eating among adult women. Appetite. 2016; 96:454-472
254. Rochefort G, Provencher V, Castonguay-Paradis S, Perron J, Lacroix Set al..(2021). Intuitive eating is associated with elevated levels of circulating omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived endocannabinoidome mediators. Appetite. Jan 1;156:104973. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104973. Epub 2020 Sep 21.
255. Ruzanska UA and Warschburger P (2019). Intuitive eating mediates the relationship between self-regulation and BMI – Results from a cross-sectional study in a community sample. Eat Behav. 18;33:23-29. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.02.004
256. Rzeszutek M, Kowalkowska J, Grabowska M, Dragan M, et al. (2026).. Adverse and positive childhood experiences with regard to emotional and intuitive eating styles in the national sample of Poles: A network analysis. Appetite. Nov 17;218:108381. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108381.
257. Sebastian RM, Smith JE (2020). Evaluation of the relationships between dietary restraint, emotional eating, and intuitive eating moderated by sex. Appetite. 1;155:104817. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104817.
258. Smith JM, Serier KN, Belon KE, Sebastian RM, Smith JE. (2020).Evaluation of the relationships between dietary restraint, emotional eating, and intuitive eating moderated by sex. Appetite. 2020 Dec 1;155:104817. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104817.
259. Smith, T., and S. Hawks. 2006. Intuitive eating, diet composition, and the meaning of food in healthy weight promotion. American Journal of Health Education 37:130-136.
260. Tylka, T., R. Calogero, and S. Danielsdottir. 2015. Is intuitive eating the same as flexible dietary control? Their links to each other and well-being could provide an answer. Appetite 95: 166-175.
261. Tylka, T., R. Calogero, and S. Danielsdottir. 2019. Intuitive eating is connected to self-reported weight stability in community women and men. Eat Disorder. 1:1-9. doi: 10.1080/10640266.2019.1580126.
262. Ünal G, Esgin Ö. (2026).Relationship between food insecurity, intuitive eating, and body mass index among adults: a cross-sectional study in Türkiye. Appetite. Feb 1;217:108341. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108341. Epub 2025 Oct 10. PMID: 41076194.
263. Van Dyke N, Murphy M, Drinkwater EJ. What do people think of intuitive eating? A qualitative exploration with rural Australians. PLoS One. 2023 Aug 17;18(8):e0278979. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278979. PMID: 37590273; PMCID: PMC10434910.
264. Van Dyke N., & E. Drinkwater (2022). Intuitive eating is positively associated with indicators of physical and mental health among rural Australian adults. Aust J Rural Health. 2022 Mar 3. doi: 10.1111/ajr.12856.
265. Vorlet J, Carrard I. Barriers and facilitators of intuitive eating in postmenopausal women: A qualitative study. Health Psychol Open. 2023 Feb 18;10(1):20551029231157515. doi: 10.1177/20551029231157515. PMID: 36814441; PMCID: PMC9940212.
266. Wen, H., Yang, C., Shang, T., & Pang, Y. (2024). Electrophysiological and behavioral differences of general and food-specific inhibitory control in people with different levels of intuitive eating. Appetite, 199, 107402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2024.107402
267. Wu J, Wang R, Zhu S, Liu T. (2025). The relationship between social emotions and intuitive eating behaviors: an exploration based on text analysis. Front Psychiatry. 2025 Nov 26;16:1701751. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1701751. PMID: 41383989; PMCID: PMC12690209.
268. Yavorivski, A., Walker, M. S., de Mello, R. A., da Silva, T. L., & Feoli, A. M. P. (2025). Eating Behaviors Assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review. Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999), https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2025-4164
269. Yoon CY, Hazzard VM, Emery RL, Mason SM, Neumark-Sztainer D. (2022). Everyday discrimination as a predictor of maladaptive and adaptive eating: Findings from EAT 2018. Appetite 2022 Mar 1;170:105878. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105878.
270. Yoon, C., Emery, R. L., Hazzard, V. M., Mason, S. M., & Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2022). Adverse experiences as predictors of maladaptive and adaptive eating: Findings from EAT 2018. Appetite, 168, 105737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105737
Interoception & Embodiment
271. Açik, M., & Aslan Çin, N. N. (2025). Links between intuitive and mindful eating and mood: do food intake and exercise mediate this association?. Frontiers in nutrition, 12, 1458082. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1458082
272. Bayram, H. M., & Gürbüz, M. (2025). The associations of mindful and intuitive eating with BMI, depression, anxiety and stress across generations: a cross-sectional study. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 76(3), 326–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2025.2462185
273. Bell, E., Rieger, E., Murray, K., & Monaghan, C. (2026). Clarifying the relationship between intuitive eating, mindful eating, and maladaptive eating: A factor analytic study. Journal of health psychology, 13591053261418428. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053261418428
274. Bennett, B. L., & Latner, J. D. (2022). Mindful eating, intuitive eating, and the loss of control over eating. Eating behaviors, 47, 101680. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101680
275. Chammas, N., Brytek-Matera, A., Tornquist, D., Barreto Schuch, F., Bitar, Z., Malaeb, D., Fawaz, M., Fekih-Romdhane, F., Hallit, S., Obeid, S., & Soufia, M. (2024). Profiles of intuitive eating in adults: the role of self-esteem, interoceptive awareness, and motivation for healthy eating. BMC psychiatry, 24(1), 288. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05722-2
276. Grider, H. S., Douglas, S. M., & Raynor, H. A. (2021). The Influence of Mindful Eating and/or Intuitive Eating Approaches on Dietary Intake: A Systematic Review. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 121(4), 709–727.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2020.10.019
277. Herbert, B., J. Blechert, M. Hautzinger, E. Matthias, C. Herbert. (2013). Intuitive eating is associated with interoceptive sensitivity. Effects on body mass index. Appetite 70:22–30.
278. Hoare JK, Lister NB, Garnett SP (2022). Mindful and Intuitive Eating Imagery on Instagram: A Content Analysis. Nutrients. Sep 16;14(18):3834. doi: 10.3390/nu14183834.Nutrients. 2022 Sep 16;14(18):3834. doi: 10.3390/nu14183834.
279. Kahrıman, M., & Kaya, N. (2023). Opposite ends of the spectrum: Does emotional eating present more barriers to applying mindful eating and intuitive eating strategies for females? World Nutrition. 14(3):14-26.
280. Kerin JL, Webb HJ, Zimmer-Gembeck MJ (2019). Intuitive, mindful, emotional, external and regulatory eating behaviours and beliefs: An investigation of the core components.Appetite. Jan 1;132:139-146. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.10.011.
281. Kose, G., & Bas, M. (2024). Do Mindful Eating and Intuitive Eating Affect Beverage Preferences? A Cross-Sectional Survey. Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 13(5), 646. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13050646
282. Munroe, M., Staffell, Z., Coyne, P. et al. (2024). Exploring relationships between embodiment, intuitive eating, and psychological resources with a community sample of women. Curr Psychol 43, 13565–13574 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05383-6
283. Özkan N, Bilici S. (2020 ).Are anthropometric measurements an indicator of intuitive and mindful eating? Eat Weight Disord. Apr 24. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-00904-9.
284. Peschel SKV, Tylka TL, Williams DP, Kaess M, Thayer JF, Koenig J. (2018). Is intuitive eating related to resting state vagal activity? Auton Neurosci. Mar;210:72-75. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2017.11.005.
285. Sairanen, E., A. Tolvanen, L. Karhunen, M. Kolehmainen, E. Jarvela, S. Rantala, K. Peuhkuri, R. Korpela, R. Lappalainen. (2015). Psychological flexibility and mindfulness explain intuitive eating in overweight adults. Behavior Modification. 39(4):554-579.
286. Sanlier, N., Kocabas, Ş., Ulusoy, H. G., & Celik, B. (2022). The Relationship between Adults’ Perceptions, Attitudes of COVID-19, Intuitive Eating, and Mindful Eating Behaviors. Ecology of food and nutrition, 61(1), 90–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2021.1968849
287. Warren JM, Smith N, Ashwell M. (2017). A structured literature review on the role of mindfulness, mindful eating and intuitive eating in changing eating behaviours: effectiveness and associated potential mechanisms. Nutr Res Rev. 2017 Dec;30(2):272-
288. Ongun Yilmaz H, Arslan S, Tari Selcuk K, Yilmaz S. Association Between Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Intuitive and Mindful Eating in Turkish Young Adults. Nutrients. 2026 Jan 7;18(2):196. doi: 10.3390/nu18020196. PMID: 41599809; PMCID: PMC12844939.
Interventions & Clinical Trials
289. Barak-Nahum A., Haim LB., and Ginzburg K. 2016. When life gives you lemons: The effectiveness of culinary group intervention among cancer patients. Soc Sci Med.166:1-8.
290. Bégin C, Carbonneau E, Gagnon-Girouard MP, Mongeau L, Paquette MC, Turcotte M, Provencher V (2018.). Eating-Related and Psychological Outcomes of Health at Every Size Intervention in Health and Social Services Centers Across the Province of Québec. Am J Health Promot. 2018 Jan 1:890117118786326. doi: 10.1177/0890117118786326
291. Teaching Intuitive Eating and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Skills Via a Web- Based Intervention: A Pilot Single-Arm Intervention Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2016;5(4):e180 URL: http://www.researchprotocols.org/2016/4/e180.
292. Bush, H., L. Rossy, L. Mintz, L. Schopp. 2014. Eat for Life: A Work Site Feasibility Study of a Novel Mindfulness-Based Intuitive Eating Intervention. American Journal of Health Promotion 28(6):380-388.
293. Campos, M. B., Menezes, I., Peixoto, M., & Schincaglia, R. M. (2022). Intuitive eating in general aspects of eating behaviors in individuals with ob*sity: Randomized clinical trial. Clinical nutrition ESPEN, 50, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.06.002
294. Carbonneau E, Bégin C, Lemieux S, Mongeau L, Paquette MC, Turcotte M, Labonté MÈ, Provencher V. (2017). A Health at Every Size intervention improves intuitive eating and diet quality in Canadian women. Clin Nutr. 36(3):747-754.
295. Cole R., and K. Horace. 2010. Effectiveness of the “My Body Knows When” Intuitive-eating Pilot Program. American Journal Health Behav 34(3):286-297.
296. Cole R., Meyer S., Newman T., et al. 2019. The My Body Knows When program increased intuitive eating characteristics in a military population. Mil Med.doi: 10.1093/milmed/usy403.
297. Cuppari et al (2022).Effect of a nutritional behavioral intervention on intuitive eating in overweight women with chronic kidney disease. J Ren Nutr 2022 Feb 2; S1051-2276.
298. Gnau, J., Novik, M. G., Powell, S. M., & Novotny, D. (2022). Lessons learned about online engagement and implementation of an intuitive eating programme for university employees. Nutrition and health, 2601060221090346. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060221090346
299. Gravel K., A. Deslauriers, M. Watiez, M. Dumont, A. Dufour Bouchard, V. Provencher. (2014). Sensory‐Based Nutrition Pilot Intervention for Women. The Journal of the Academy Nutrition and Dietics 114 :99-06.
300. Gravel K., et al. 2014. Effect of sensory-based intervention on the increased use of food-related descriptive terms among restrained eaters. Food Quality and Preference. 32:271-276.
301. Goode, Colleen King et al.(2025). Intuitive Eating Group Interventions: Review and Guide for Best Practices.The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, Volume 21, Issue 1, 105248
302. Hayashi LC, Benasi G, St-Onge MP, Aggarwal B. (2021). Intuitive and mindful eating to improve physiological health parameters: a short narrative review of intervention studies. J Complement Integr Med. 2021 Dec 16. doi: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0294.
303. Henry, I., Korman, N., Johnston, D., Teasdale, S., Rocks, T., Childs, S., Russell, A., & Chapman, J. (2025). Intuitive eating predictors and outcomes in people with severe mental illness participating in a lifestyle intervention. Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals, 36(1), e935. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.935
304. Hensley-Hackett K, Bosker J, Keefe A. et al (2022). Intuitive Eating Intervention and Diet Quality in Adults: A Systematic Literature Review. J Nutr Educ Behav. Nov:1−16.
305. Herbert, S., Squires, A., Gilligan, C., & Woolf, K. (2026). The preferred intervention characteristics and acceptability of intuitive eating as a lifestyle approach for polycystic ovary syndrome: A convergent mixed methods analysis. Women’s health (London, England), 22, 17455057251414294.
306. Jarvela-Reijonen, E., et al (2018). The effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on eating behavior and diet delivered through face-to-face contact and a mobile app: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018 Feb 27;15(1):22.
307. Katzer, L., A. Bradshaw, C. Horwath, A. Gray, S. O’Brien, J. Joyce (2008). Evaluation of a “nondieting” stress reduction program for overweight women: a randomized trial. American Journal of Health Promotion 22(4):267-274.
308. Loughran, T., Schumacher, J., Harpel, T., & Vollmer, R. (2017). Effectiveness of an Intuitive Eating intervention through a text messaging program among college students. Journal Of The Academy Of Nutrition And Dietetics, 117(10), A137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2017.
309. Manana B, El-Jor C, Abi Kharma J, Zeeni N. Effectiveness of a text-messaging intervention on intuitive eating: a randomised controlled trial. Public Health Nutr. 2023 Aug;26(8):1576-1584. doi: 10.1017/S1368980023000939. Epub 2023 May 11. PMID: 37165660; PMCID: PMC10410380.
310. Mensinger, J. L., Weissinger, G. M., Cantrell, M. A., Baskin, R., & George, C. (2024). A Pilot Feasibility Evaluation of a Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback App to Improve Self-Care in COVID-19 Healthcare Workers. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 49(2), 241–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-024-09621-w
311. Mensinger, J. L., Shepherd, B. F., Schapiro, S., Aware, Y., Brochu, P. M., Calogero, R. M., & Tylka, T. L. (2023). Mediating effects of a weight-inclusive health promotion program on maladaptive eating in women with high body mass index. Eating behaviors, 49, 101730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101730
312. Mensinger JL, Calogero RM, Stranges S, Tylka TL (2016).. A weight-neutral versus weight-loss approach for health promotion in women with high BMI: A randomized-controlled trial. Appetite. Oct 1;105:364-74. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.06.006.
313. Oliveira J. (2022). The body asks and the mind judges: the episode of food craving, its triggers and nutritional treatment. Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 20, eMD6705. https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2022MD6705
314. Pereira, R. A., Dos Santos Alvarenga, M., Teixeira, P. C., de Andrade, L. S., Teixeira, R. R., Stedefeldt, E., & Cuppari, L. (2026). Eating Behavior Intervention of Overweight Women With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Qualitative Analysis. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 36(1), 90–98. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2025.07.009
315. Pereira RA et al (2022). Effect of a nutritional behavioral intervention on intuitive eating in overweight women with chronic kidney disease. J Ren Nutr. 2022 Feb 2:S1051-2276(22)00012-7.
316. Sairanen, E., et al (2017). Psychological flexibility mediates change in Intuitive Eating regulation in acceptance and commitment therapy interventions. Public Health Nutr. 20(9):1681- 1691.
317. Schaefer, J., and A. Magnuson. (2014). A review of interventions that promote eating by internal cues. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 114,734e760.
318. Vintila, M., Czepczor-Bernat, K., & Rust, P. (2024). Editorial: Intuitive eating, health, and body: research, prevention, and treatment. Frontiers in nutrition, 11, 1406345. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1406345
Intuitive Eating Research Bibliography
Organized Into Major Research Categories
Total Citations Included: 346
Pregnancy, Postpartum, Parenting & Adolescents
319. Andrew R., M. Tiggemann, L. Clark. 2015. Predictors of intuitive eating in adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health 56(2):209-214.
320. Chen, W., Lu, A., Li, J. et al. (2025). Mobile phone addiction impairs intuitive eating among Chinese adolescents: A network analysis and a chain mediation model. Curr Psychol 44, 13105–13119.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-025-08110-5
321. Moy, J., T. Petrie, S. Dockendorff, C. Greenleaf, S. Martin. (2013). Dieting, exercise, and intuitive eating among early adolescents. Eating Behaviors. 14: 529-532.
322. Wirtz., A., and H. Madanat. 2012. Westernization, intuitive eating, and BMI: an exploration of Jordanian adolescents. International Quarterly of Community Health Education 33(3):275-287.
323. Xieme C., Yijun L., Hong C (2020). Friendship quality and adolescents’ intuitive eating: a serial mediation model and the gender difference. Acta Psychologica Sinica No.4:485-496.
324. Ayvaz BÇ, Akin P, Ede İleri G. Intuitive eating, maternal attachment, and weight status in postpartum women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Nov 22. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-08514-y. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41275173.
325. Burnette CB, Hazzard VM, Linardon J, Rodgers RF, Loth KA, Neumark-Sztainer D. How Parental Feeding Practices Relate to Young People’s Intuitive Eating: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations by Gender and Weight Concern. J Adolesc Health. 2023 Dec;73(6):1145-1152. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.07.018.
326. Burnette CB, Hazzard VM, Hahn SL et al. (2022). Like parent, like child? Intuitive eating among emerging adults and their parents. Appetite.Sep 1;176:106132.
327. Caredda, C., St-Laurent, A., Gagnon, M., Harrison, S., Bernier, E., Gagnon, G., Plante, A. S., Lemieux, S., Bégin, C., Marceau, S., Biertho, L. D., Tchernof, A., Provencher, V., Drapeau, V., Michaud, A., & Morisset, A. S. (2024). Attitudes and Behaviors towards Food and Weight in Late Pregnancy: A Comparative Approach between Individuals with and without Previous Bariatric Surgery. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 12(3), 342. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12030342
328. Dowling, M. L., Hubbard, M. E., & Agnihotri, R. (2024). Association of Parent and Child Intuitive Eating: A Scoping Review. American journal of lifestyle medicine, 15598276241279223. https://doi.org/10.1177/15598276241279223
329. Eneli, I., T. Tylka , J. Lumeng. 2015. Maternal and Child Roles in the Feeding Relationship: What Are Mothers Doing? Clinical Pediatrics. 54(2):179–182.
330. Ferreira Fróis, L., Lima de Oliveira, J. P., & Gonçalves Teixeira, L. (2025). Intuitive eating and mindfulness during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum. Nutrition and health, 2601060251379529. https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060251379529
331. Ferreira Fróis L, Lima de Oliveira JP, Gonçalves Teixeira L. Intuitive eating and mindfulness during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum. Nutr Health. 2025 Sep 17:2601060251379529. doi: 10.1177/02601060251379529. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40961252.
332. Galloway A., C. Farrow, D. Martz. 2010. Retrospective reports of child feeding practices, current eating behaviors, and BMI in college students. Obesity, 18, 1330-1335.
333. Gao, X. X., Zheng, Q. X., Chen, X. Q., Jiang, X. M., Liao, Y. P., Pan, Y. Q., Zou, J. J., & Liu, G. (2024). Intuitive eating was associated with anxiety, depression, pregnancy weight and blood glucose in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective longitudinal study. Frontiers in nutrition, 11, 1409025. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2024.1409025
334. Khalsa, A. S., Woo, J. G., Kharofa, R. Y., Geraghty, S. R., DeWitt, T. G., & Copeland, K. A. (2019). Parental intuitive eating behaviors and their association with infant feeding styles among low-income families. Eating Behaviors, 32, 78–84. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.01.001
335. Kılçık DG, Akfırat ON. Parenting and schema domains as predictors of intuitive and dysregulated eating in emerging adults. Appetite. 2025 Dec 6;219:108413. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.108413. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 41360203.
336. Leahy K., Berlin K.S., Banks G.G., Bachman J. (2017). The relationship between Intuitive Eating and postpartum weight loss. Matern Child Health. 21(3):1591-1597.
337. Ledoux, T., Daundasekara, S. S., Beasley, A., Robinson, J., & Sampson, M. (2021). The association between pre-conception intuitive eating and gestational weight gain. Eating and weight disorders: EWD, 26(2), 467–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-00878-8
338. Lee M et al. (2019). Striving for the thin ideal post-pregnancy: cross-sectional study of intuitive eating in postpartum women. J Reprod Infant Psychol. Apr 30:1-12.
339. Paterson H, Treharne GJ, Horwath C, Haszard JJ, Herbison P, Hay-Smith EJC. Intuitive eating and gestational weight gain. Eat Behav. 2019 Aug;34:101311. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101311. Epub 2019 Jul 9. PMID: 31330479.doi: 10.1177/1359105316671186.
340. Plante A., Savard, C., Lemieux S. et al. (2019). Trimester-specific intuitive eating in association with gestational weight gain and diet quality. J Nutr Educ Behav. (10):20025-9.doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.01.011
341. Quansah D, Gilbert L, Gross J, Horsch, A, Puder J (2021). Intuitive eating is associated with improved health indicators at 1-year postpartum in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. J Health Psychol doi: 10.1177/1359105319869814
342. Quansah D, Gross,J, Gilbert L, Helbling C, Horsch, A, Puder J (2019). Intuitive eating is associated with weight and glucose control during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): A clinical cohort study. Eat Behav 2019 Aug;34:101304.
343. Quansah DY, Schenk S, Gilbert L, e al (2022). Intuitive Eating Behavior, Diet Quality and Metabolic Health in the Postpartum in Women with Gestational Diabetes. Nutrients. Oct 13;14(20):4272.
344. Rodgers RF, Hazzard VM, Franko DL, Loth KA, Larson N, Neumark-Sztainer D (2022). Intuitive Eating Among Parents: Associations with the Home Food and Meal Environment. J Acad Nutr Diet. Jan 19;S2212-2672(22)00040-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.01.009
345. Tylka, T., J. Lumeng, I. Eneli. 2015. Maternal intuitive eating as a moderator of the association between concern about child weight and restrictive child feeding. Appetite. Dec 1;95:158- 65.
346. Tylka, T., I. Eneli, A. Kroon Van Diest, J. Lumeng. 2013. Which adaptive maternal eating behaviors predict child feeding practices? An examination with mothers of 2- to 5-year- old children. Eating Behavior 14(1):57-63.